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Chapter 3 Test:  Atoms & The Periodic Table  FORM B

 1. 
At room temperature, more than half of the nonmetal elements are
A.
solids.
B.
alloys.
C.
gases.
D.
liquids.
 
 
nar001-1.jpg
 

 2. 
Refer to the Periodic Table of Elements shown above. Which element group is the least chemically reactive?
A.
group 17, the halogens
C.
group 18, the noble gases
B.
group 16, the oxygen group
D.
group 14, the carbon group
 

 3. 
Refer to the Periodic Table of Elements shown above. Silicon (Si) is a metalloid, with physical and chemical properties of both metals and nonmetals. Which of the elements listed below is also a metalloid?
A.
aluminum (Al)
C.
zirconium (Zr)
B.
boron (B)
D.
zinc (Zn)
 

 4. 
Refer to the Periodic Table of Elements shown above. Which element group needs to gain two electrons to achieve atomic stability?
A.
group 16, the oxygen group
C.
group 17, the halogens
B.
group 14, the carbon group
D.
group 18, the noble gases
 

 5. 
Refer to the Periodic Table of Elements shown above and use the information shown in the graph below to answer the following question.
Valence Electrons in
Period 2 Elements
mc005-1.jpg
Which of these elements has the same number of valence electrons as neon (Ne)?
A.
chlorine (Cl)
C.
xenon (Xe)
B.
zinc (Zn)
D.
iodine (I)
 

 6. 
Refer to the Periodic Table of Elements shown above. What do the elements oxygen (O), sulfur (S), and selenium (Se) have in common?
A.
Atoms of each lose one electron to achieve stability.
B.
Neutral atoms of each have six valence electrons.
C.
Neutral atoms of each have two valence electrons.
D.
Atoms of each gain one electron to achieve stability.
 

 7. 
What information in the periodic table indicates the number of protons in an atom?
A.
the element’s chemical symbol
B.
the position of the element in its column
C.
the element’s atomic number
D.
the element’s atomic mass
 

 8. 
Which group contains the elements used to make semiconductors?
A.
metals
B.
transition elements
C.
nonmetals
D.
metalloids
 

 9. 
Which of the following statements about liquid matter is true?
A.
Atoms of a substance in the liquid phase can be compressed into a smaller volume.
B.
Atoms of a liquid do not have enough kinetic energy to move around each other.
C.
Atoms of a liquid are locked together in a rigid structure and cannot flow.
D.
Atoms of a substance are closer together in the liquid than the gas phase.
 

 10. 
What prediction did Mendeleev make that came true in less than 20 years?
A.
He said that the periodic table would be developed into 18 families.
B.
He said that three new elements would be discovered, and he described their properties.
C.
He predicted the atomic numbers of unknown elements.
D.
He predicted that a total of 112 elements would be discovered.
 

 11. 
Very energetic particles that move in all directions around the nucleus of an atom are
A.
protons.
B.
charges.
C.
neutrons.
D.
electrons.
 

 12. 
Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are part of a family called
A.
halogens.
B.
alkali metals.
C.
noble gases.
D.
metalloids.
 
 
Erin heats water (H2O) to a temperature of 85°C. She leaves the beaker on the counter until the water temperature falls to 24°C, then places the beaker in a freezer until the water temperature falls to 10°C.
 

 13. 
Study the description of Erin’s experiment above. If the water temperature is allowed to fall from 10 degrees Celsius to 5 degrees Celsius, the water molecules ____.
A.
will move more slowly
B.
will initially move more slowly, but then move faster
C.
do not change their speed
D.
will move faster
 

 14. 
Study the description of Erin’s experiment above. If the water in the beaker is heated from 85 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Celsius, the water molecules ____.
A.
do not change their speed
B.
will initially move faster, but then move more slowly
C.
will move more slowly
D.
will move faster
 

 15. 
Which statement about the structure of an atom is true?
A.
A proton ‘cloud’ surrounds each atom.
B.
Neutrons are not found in the atomic nucleus.
C.
An electron ‘cloud’ surrounds each atom.
D.
Protons and electrons are roughly equal in mass.
 

 16. 
When an atom is electrically neutral, it ____.
A.
has no neutrons
B.
has no protons
C.
has a negative charge
D.
has the same number of protons as electrons
 

 17. 
Across a period of eight elements in the periodic table, the number of valence electrons
A.
is the same for all eight elements.
B.
increases from 1 to 8.
C.
is equal to the period’s number.
D.
depends on the atomic numbers of the elements.
 

 18. 
Where are nonmetals located on the periodic table?
A.
to the right of the zigzag line
B.
to the left of the zigzag line
C.
in the two bottom rows
D.
in Groups 1 through 4
 

 19. 
Which of these particles has a positive charge?
A.
electron
B.
proton
C.
neutron
D.
atom
 

 20. 
What is the greatest number of valence electrons an atom can have?
A.
8
B.
100
C.
3
D.
1
 

 21. 
Which of the following have the same number of valence electrons?
A.
the elements in a group
B.
the elements in a period
C.
the elements having similar atomic numbers
D.
the elements having similar atomic masses
 

 22. 
Where are metals located in the periodic table?
A.
in the top rows
B.
to the left of the zigzag line
C.
in the middle rows
D.
to the right of the zigzag line
 

 23. 
When an atom has equal numbers of protons and electrons, it ____.
mc023-1.jpg
A.
has a negative charge
C.
has no neutrons
B.
has no protons
D.
is electrically neutral
 

 24. 
Which elements share characteristics with both metals and nonmetals?
A.
alloys
B.
transition elements
C.
halogens
D.
metalloids
 

 25. 
The elements in a column of the periodic table
A.
have the same chemical symbols.
B.
are in the same period.
C.
are in the same family.
D.
have the same atomic mass.
 
 
Use the table below to answer the following questions.
Properties of Neutral Atoms of Some Elements
Element
Number of Protons
Number of Electrons
Number of Neutrons
Atomic Mass
(atomic mass units)
Beryllium (Be)
?
4
5
9
Oxygen (O)
8
8
?
16
Neon (Ne)
10
?
10
20
Aluminum (Al)
?
13
14
27
Silicon (Si)
14
14
14
?
Sulfur (S)
16
?
16
32
 

 26. 
Refer to the table above. How many neutrons are in an atom of oxygen (O)?
A.
4
C.
12
B.
16
D.
8
 

 27. 
Refer to the table above. What is the atomic mass, in atomic mass units, of a silicon (Si) atom?
A.
28
C.
70
B.
42
D.
14
 

 28. 
Refer to the table above. How many protons are in an aluminum (Al) atom?
A.
13
C.
14
B.
41
D.
27
 

 29. 
Which statement about the structure of an atom is true?
A.
Electrons are not found in the atomic nucleus.
B.
A proton ‘cloud’ surrounds each atom.
C.
Protons are much more massive than neutrons.
D.
Protons have a negative charge.
 

 30. 
The modern periodic table is arranged in order of increasing
A.
number of valence electrons.
B.
atomic number.
C.
atomic mass.
D.
number of neutrons.
 

 31. 
In the periodic table, the most reactive metals are found
A.
in Period 1, the first row across the top.
B.
in Group 1, the first column on the left.
C.
in Periods 6 and 7 at the bottom.
D.
in Groups 13 through 16 in the center.
 

 32. 
Electrons involved in bonding between atoms are
A.
inside the nucleus.
B.
valence electrons.
C.
positively charged.
D.
closest to the nucleus.
 

 33. 
Mendeleev created the first periodic table by arranging elements in order of
A.
increasing atomic number.
B.
increasing atomic mass.
C.
decreasing atomic mass.
D.
increasing densities.
 

 34. 
From an element’s location in the periodic table, you can predict
A.
its properties.
B.
when it was discovered.
C.
its chemical name.
D.
its chemical symbol.
 

 35. 
Which elements have two valence electrons in their atoms?
A.
alkaline earth metals
B.
transition metals
C.
metal alloys
D.
alkali metals
 



 
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